06-08-2026 (Static)

Question 1

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:

List-I (Governor-General/Viceroy)	List-II (Major Measure)
A. Lord Cornwallis	1. Introduced Subsidiary Alliance
B. Lord Wellesley	2. Permanent Settlement
C. Lord William Bentinck	3. Abolition of Sati
D. Lord Dalhousie	4. Doctrine of Lapse

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4 B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3 C. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4 D. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

Question 2

Which one of the following best explains the principal reason behind the failure of the Revolt of 1857 to establish a unified national government?

A. The rebels lacked support from the peasantry throughout India. B. The revolt remained regionally fragmented without unified leadership, common objectives, or coordinated military strategy. C. The East India Company possessed overwhelming naval superiority over all Indian rulers. D. European powers directly intervened in favour of the British.

Question 3

Consider the following statements:

The Ryotwari System recognised individual cultivators as proprietors directly responsible for paying land revenue to the Government.
The Mahalwari System assessed revenue collectively on villages or estates.

Which of the following information supports the above statements?

Thomas Munro introduced the Ryotwari System in the Madras Presidency.
Holt Mackenzie laid the foundation of the Mahalwari Settlement in North-Western India.
Under the Permanent Settlement, zamindars were recognised as hereditary proprietors.

Select the correct answer using the code below.

A. 1 and 2 only B. 2 and 3 only C. 1, 2 and 3 D. 3 only

Question 4

Consider the following statements regarding Raja Rammohan Roy:

He founded the Brahmo Sabha in 1828.
He strongly opposed Sati and campaigned for women's rights.
He supported modern scientific education through the medium of English.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A. Only one B. Only two C. All three D. None

Question 5

Consider the following statements regarding the Aligarh Movement:

Statement I: Sir Syed Ahmad Khan regarded modern scientific education as essential for the socio-economic advancement of Indian Muslims.

Statement II: The movement encouraged the study of Western sciences while remaining rooted in Islamic cultural traditions.

Statement III: The movement actively participated in the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

A. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both explain Statement I. B. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one explains Statement I. C. Only Statement II is correct and it explains Statement I. D. Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct.

Question 6

Which one of the following best explains the ecological significance of a ‘keystone species’?

A. A species that occupies the highest trophic level in every ecosystem. B. A species whose ecological influence on ecosystem structure and functioning is disproportionately greater than its numerical abundance. C. A species that is endemic to a particular biodiversity hotspot. D. A species that migrates seasonally between different ecosystems.

Question 7

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Conservation Term)	List-II (Example)
A. Wildlife Corridor	1. Ex-situ conservation of endangered species
B. Gene Bank	2. Movement route connecting fragmented habitats
C. Ramsar Site	3. Wetland of International Importance
D. Biosphere Reserve	4. Conservation integrating core, buffer and transition zones

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

A	B	C	D
(a)	2	1	3
(b)	1	2	3
(c)	2	3	1
(d)	3	1	4

A. Option A B. Option B C. Option C D. Option D

Question 8

Consider the following statements regarding biodiversity conservation in India:

Sacred groves represent community-based in-situ conservation of biodiversity.
Biodiversity Heritage Sites are declared under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
Every Biodiversity Management Committee prepares a People's Biodiversity Register.
National Parks are declared under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A. Only one B. Only two C. Only three D. All four

Question 9

Which one of the following best explains the primary objective behind the establishment of Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) around Protected Areas?

A. To completely prohibit all developmental activities within 10 km of every Protected Area. B. To function as transition zones that regulate activities around Protected Areas and minimize ecological disturbances. C. To declare all forest villages as Community Reserves. D. To transfer management of National Parks to local Panchayats.

Question 10

Consider the following statements regarding invasive alien species:

Statement I: Invasive alien species often reduce native biodiversity by competing for resources, altering habitats or introducing diseases.

Statement II: Every introduced exotic species eventually becomes invasive in its new environment.

Statement III: Biological invasions are recognised as one of the major direct drivers of global biodiversity loss.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

A. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both explain Statement I. B. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one explains Statement I. C. Only Statement III is correct and it explains Statement I. D. Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct.

06-08-2026 (Static)

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